oil analysis -- jeff's klr650 -- long
Posted: Thu Jan 05, 2006 12:29 pm
KLR Listers,
Two days ago I submitted an oil sample from my 2003 KLR650 for oil
analysis. More below but here's the bottom line.
I need to change my oil more often.
Disclaimer:
For those reading further everything below is mine and any errors,
mistakes, improper interpretation etc is mine and only mine. If you are
an oil guru I'd be happy to hear your constructive thoughts about what
I'm presenting for your examination. This has been an eye opening
experience for me. Again, all the mistakes that follow are by me and
nobody else.
I've got to thank Blake Sobiloff for his help in figuring out a bit about
what the results mean. I know he's taken quite a bit of time to try to
explain this to me. I also just spent 33 minutes on the phone with Scot,
the lab analyst that did the testing. His insight to the results and his
best guesses as to what's going on were very helpful.
Here's some background. The bike is a 2003 KLR650 with 15,013 miles on
it. Oil is Valvoline 10W-40, API rating SL. This oil change interval
(OCI) was 1,733 miles and the filter is by Emgo and has 4,696 miles on
it. I was not using a magnetic drain plug. I had new oil sampled as
well as the used oil. The new oil only gives a thumbprint of the used
oil. The only way to really figure out what is happening with the oil
and engine is to establish a trend by further oil sampling. Remember
that! The only way to really figure out what is happening with the oil
and engine is to establish a trend by further oil sampling.
Here is the SOS (Schedule Oil Sampling) Fluids Analysis. Below I'll
provide what I hope is correct and useful.
Element | Virgin | This OCI (Oil Change Interval)
Cu 0 9 Copper
Fe 1 14 Iron
Cr 0 0 Chrome
Ni 0 0 Nickel
Ti 0 0 Titan
V 0 0 Vanad
Ag 0 0 Silver
Pb 0 2 Lead
Sn 1 0 Tin
Al 0 15 Aluminum
Si 1 4 Silicon
Na 5 2 Sodium
K 0 1 Potassium
Mo 1 7 Moly
B 2 11 Boron
Ba 0 0 Barium
Ca 1925 2027 Calcium
Mg 10 12 Magnesium
Mn 0 0 Mangan??
P 860 723 Phosphorous
Sb 0 0 Antimony
Zn 954 839 Zinc
Total Base Number (TBN)
TBN 8.0 7.5
Soot 0
Sulfur 17
Oxidation 34
Nitration 25
ZDDP -0.09
Visc SAE 40 20
Visc cSt 14 9.2 (both at 100 degrees C)
Ferrous Debris 5 7
AntiFreeze Neg Neg
Fuel Dilute Neg Neg
Water Neg Neg
So there you have it. I had just about no idea how to effectively use
all this data. Blake helped me a lot and Scot also showed me the light
on many parts. First, I probably don't have an engine about to blow up.
: ) Stuff to look at:
- Visc SAE (Viscosity) Viscosity is how thick the oil is. Multi weight
oils like 10W-40 start as a thin 10W when cold and as they heat up they
thicken to 40. The oil I was using tested at 20 at 100 degrees
centigrade (212 F) and was probably caused by shearing in the
transmission portion of the engine. This is too light for my comfort.
Scot said an example of the wrong oil in the wrong compartment was a
15W-40 changing to 30W in 500 hours. This was from large components but
gives you an idea of what would be bad. So I need to sample the oil at
an earlier interval to help establish an appropriate OCI (Oil Change
Interval).
- TBN (Total Base Number) This is basically the ability of the additives
to neutralize acid. New was 8.0 used was 7.5. This is real good showing
plenty of base is left. But with no viscosity the oil is used up anyway.
I probably won't pay for the TBN test again as it costs $8 and if I
reduce the OCI (Oil Change Interval) it probably won't get worse. Acids
are created in the engine from things like gasses (blow by), water, fuel
etc. combining chemically. Getting an engine hot helps reduce a few of
these components and that's where I hope the 195 degree stat I just
installed will make a difference.
- ZDDP I don't know what it really stands for and was asking how you get
less than none. The -0.09 is based on a slope given by the machine that
makes this measurement. I'm told this is outdated technology although I
know most motorcyclists interested in oil analysis think it's very
important. Scot thinks based on only one oil sample this is probably
still ok.
- Si Silicon. Blake seemed impressed with my low Si number of 4. He
asked what air filter I'm using. For your info I use a NoToil air filter
and NoToil filter maintenance products. Scot told me in the US dirt is
mostly made of Al (Aluminum) and Si (Silicon). But he said you could get
higher Si readings from gasket material, sealants, having an engine
opened and getting shop dust into the engine etc. So my Al of 15 could
be dirt through the air filter or gasket material or maybe I have some
wear from internal engine issues. But nothing to worry about yet. Again
I need more sampling to establish a trend. Maybe the low Si is the
result of maybe 50% of this oil use was in rainy conditions which I'm
guessing lead to cleaner air. Also I cleaned the oil pick up screen at
about 3,200 miles which was the worse one I've ever seen. Mine was about
80% covered. Maybe I got a lot of old gasket material and sealant out of
the engine. I know I pick up a lot of that on the screen.
- Anti Freeze I got a negative which is good. Coolant in the oil
indicates a problem.
- Fuel Dilution Again a negative and not normally an issue with gasoline
engines according to Scot.
- Water I got a negative which again is good. I rode in some very heavy
rain and also along some flooded roads. I'm not talking an inch of water
on the road for 20 feet. I was on roads in northern Oklahoma with water
rushing across the road a foot deep for 1/4 mile at a time. Did this
probably 10 times. Pretty exciting riding. Looks like none got in the
engine. This also indicates I don't have a water condensation problem.
- Particle Count The report shows a particle count on the new oil but
not on the used oil. The particle count isn't shown above at that data
was all fat fingered in. Scot said they use an optical parts counter for
this measurement and used oil is normally too dark to get a count. My
new oil had one part that was 100 microns or larger. A micron is one
millionth of a meter. A meter is 39.37008 inches. So that makes a
micron 0.0000393". That means the one part in the new oil that was
counted at greater than 100 microns was at least 0.00393". That's pretty
big and out of new oil.
- Soot I had zero and you should have none in a properly operating
gasoline engine.
- Sulfur I had a 17 which Scot thinks is fine. You really need a trend
to see what's happening. Scot said he's only seen high sulfur numbers
once and it's caused by serious neglect.
- Oxidation My number was 34. Scot again thinks this looks safe. He
suggested an upper limit would be maybe 50-60. Oxidation causes an
increase in viscosity and leads to improper lubrication. I think I got
that right.
- Nitration My number was 25. Again this needs a trend established to
really get any useful information. Scot thought an upper limit of 75%
was about right. But again, without a trend established this is like
asking how long is a piece of string.
That's about all I can remember. Most important for me with this data is
it was a real eye opener. I thought I'd been doing oil changes every
900-1,500 miles. Here's what I figured out last night. I got to
thinking and went to the shop to evaluate all my oil and filter change
intervals. Here's what I've done since I bought the bike at 1,482 miles.
O=Oil F=Filter
Change Odometer OCI in Miles Comments
New 0 0
O&F 1,560 1,560 First Recorded O&F Change
O&F 2,990 1,430
O&F 3,269 279 Cleaned oil pick up screen
O&F 4,497 1,228
O 5,870 1,373
O 7,355 1,485
O 8,335 980
O&F 9,649 1,314
O&F 10,317 668
O 11,753 1,436
O 13,280 1,527
O&F 15,013 1,733 Begin Oil Analysis
Average Oil Change Interval *1,317.4 miles
*This is excluding 1st oil change at 1,560 miles and 3rd change at 3,269
miles.
Five of those oil changes were during long trips. Two of them I remember
saying I needed to change the oil as I could tell the shifting to neutral
was getting tougher.
Remember my bottom line from the beginning of this novel? I said I need
to change my oil more often. So I can either start paying strict
attention to my OCIs or consider maybe changing to a different oil that
might not lower viscosity as quickly. I'm gonna stick with this oil for
now and do another oil analysis in 1,000 miles. I'm also installing a
magnetic low profile drain plug this time. Scot suggested the TBN test
isn't really needed if I'm reducing my OCI as at 1,733 miles it was still
fine. Once I see the results of the next SOS I'll have better
information to decide what action if any to take.
Also, I have to take this information lightly until I've established a
trend. That means more samples.
Hope you found this of some interest or use. I'd sure like to hear your
comments and ideas on the list.
Best,
Jeff Saline
ABC # 4412 South Dakota Airmarshal
Airheads Beemer Club www.airheads.org
The Beautiful Black Hills of South Dakota
75 R90/6, 03 KLR650, 79 R100RT